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GeoJSON is how the web maps things. It's standard JSON with a specific structure for geographic features — points (locations), lines (routes), and polygons (areas). Every feature can carry arbitrary properties alongside its geometry. A restaurant's location, a hiking trail, a country's border — all expressible in GeoJSON that any web mapping library can render.
The format is the lingua franca of web mapping. Leaflet, Mapbox, Google Maps API, D3.js, and every major mapping library reads GeoJSON natively. GitHub renders GeoJSON files as interactive maps automatically. The format is human-readable (it's just JSON), easy to generate, and easy to debug — open it in a text editor and you can read the coordinates.
For large datasets, GeoJSON gets inefficient — it's verbose (coordinates in decimal text) and loads entirely into memory. TopoJSON (compressed topology) and vector tiles handle large-scale mapping better. But for small-to-medium datasets, API responses, and data interchange, GeoJSON is the default choice.