.bib

What is a .bib file?

BIB is a BibTeX bibliography database — a structured list of citations used with LaTeX documents.

Safe format
Type Document
By Oren Patashnik
MIME application/x-bibtex

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What is it

A .bib file is a plain text database of bibliographic references. Each entry has a type (article, book, inproceedings), a citation key, and structured fields (author, title, year, journal). LaTeX's `\cite{}` command references these keys, and BibTeX or Biber automatically formats the citations and generates the bibliography in whatever style the journal requires.

The format is elegant in its simplicity. One .bib file can serve an entire research career — accumulate references as you read papers, cite them across multiple documents, and change citation styles by swapping a single line in your LaTeX preamble. No manual formatting of references, ever.

Google Scholar, DBLP, and most academic databases export citations in BibTeX format directly. Copy the BibTeX entry, paste it into your .bib file, cite the key in your paper. Reference managers like Zotero and Mendeley maintain .bib files automatically and sync them across devices.

Technical details
Full Name
BibTeX Bibliography
MIME Type
application/x-bibtex
Developer
Oren Patashnik
Magic Bytes
N/A
Safety
.bib is a known, safe format. Plain text file. Cannot contain executable code.
What opens it
JabRef
FREE Windows / Mac / Linux
Any text editor
FREE Windows / Mac / Linux
Zotero
FREE Windows / Mac / Linux
FAQ
How do I create a .bib file?
Start a text file with the .bib extension. Add entries in BibTeX format, or export them from Google Scholar, DBLP, or your reference manager. Each entry begins with @article{, @book{, or similar, followed by the fields.
What's the difference between BibTeX and Biber?
Both process .bib files for LaTeX. BibTeX is the classic tool (simpler, faster). Biber is the modern replacement with Unicode support and more citation styles. If you use biblatex in your LaTeX document, you need Biber.
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