.zst

What is a .zst file?

Zstandard is a modern compression format from Meta — balancing excellent compression ratios with fast decompression speed.

Safe format
Type Archive
By Yann Collet / Meta
MIME application/zstd

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What is it

You encountered a .zst file from a package manager, database backup, or modern data pipeline. Zstandard (zstd) is Facebook/Meta's answer to the question "what if gzip were fast?" — it matches or beats gzip's compression ratio while being 3-5x faster at decompression.

Developed by Yann Collet (who also created LZ4), Zstandard was designed for real-time compression at scale. It supports adjustable compression levels from 1 (fast, light) to 22 (slow, tight), and its dictionary compression mode is particularly effective for small files that share common patterns — which is why databases and log aggregation systems love it. The format is open-source and increasingly showing up in Linux package managers (Arch, Fedora), kernel compression, and data engineering tools.

7-Zip 23+ opens .zst files on Windows. The `zstd` command-line tool (available via package managers on Linux/macOS) handles compression and decompression. On macOS, `brew install zstd`. Zstandard is the newest format in this category and the fastest-growing — it's what gzip would be if it were invented today.

Technical details
Full Name
Zstandard Compressed File
MIME Type
application/zstd
Developer
Yann Collet / Meta
Magic Bytes
28 B5 2F FD
Safety
.zst is a known, safe format.
What opens it
zstd CLI
FREE All
7-Zip 23+
FREE Windows
FAQ
Is Zstandard better than gzip?
For most use cases, yes. Zstandard achieves similar or better compression ratios at 3-5x the speed. Gzip's advantage is universal support — every system can handle it. Zstandard is catching up fast but isn't yet available everywhere.
How do I decompress a .zst file?
Install the zstd tool (`brew install zstd` on macOS, `apt install zstd` on Ubuntu) and run `zstd -d file.zst`. On Windows, 7-Zip version 23 or later handles .zst files natively.
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