.xls

What is a .xls file?

XLS is the legacy Microsoft Excel format — binary, limited to 65,536 rows, superseded by XLSX.

Safe format
Type Document
By Microsoft
MIME application/vnd.ms-excel

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What is it

You received a .xls file — the legacy Excel format from before 2007. It's a proprietary binary format limited to 65,536 rows and 256 columns. If you're working with an .xls file today, it's either an old archive, a government form that hasn't been updated, or an export from enterprise software that treats 2003 as current.

The .xls format used a binary structure called BIFF (Binary Interchange File Format) that was notoriously difficult for non-Microsoft software to parse correctly. Formulas, charts, and conditional formatting from the .xls era sometimes render differently in modern applications. The format also supported macros — and was a major vector for virus distribution before Microsoft added security warnings.

Microsoft Excel opens .xls perfectly and can convert to .xlsx (File → Save As). Google Sheets imports .xls files. LibreOffice Calc handles most .xls files well. If you have a collection of old .xls files, converting to .xlsx removes the row limit (1 million+ rows), reduces file size, and improves compatibility with modern tools.

Technical details
Full Name
Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet (Legacy)
MIME Type
application/vnd.ms-excel
Developer
Microsoft
Magic Bytes
D0 CF 11 E0
Safety
.xls is a known, safe format.
What opens it
Microsoft Excel
Subscription All
Google Sheets
FREE Web
LibreOffice Calc
FREE All
FAQ
What's the row limit in XLS vs XLSX?
XLS: 65,536 rows, 256 columns. XLSX: 1,048,576 rows, 16,384 columns. If your data exceeds 65K rows, you need XLSX. Save as XLSX to remove this limitation.
Should I convert XLS to XLSX?
Yes. XLSX is smaller, supports more data, and is compatible with more applications. Open in Excel → File → Save As → XLSX. Google Sheets and LibreOffice also convert automatically when you edit and re-save.
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