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WMF is the original Windows Metafile format, dating back to Windows 3.0 in 1990. It stores GDI drawing commands — the same concept as EMF, but with a 16-bit coordinate system and fewer capabilities. EMF (Enhanced Metafile) replaced it in the mid-1990s, but WMF files persist in legacy documents, clipart libraries, and older Office files.
The format has a troubled security history. Because WMF files contain drawing commands that Windows executes, several critical vulnerabilities were discovered over the years — the most notorious being the 2005 WMF exploit that allowed arbitrary code execution. Modern Windows versions have patched these issues, but the history explains why security-conscious organisations block WMF files.
You'll encounter WMF primarily in old Word and PowerPoint documents, legacy clipart collections, and converted office documents. LibreOffice and Microsoft Office both handle WMF. For modern use, convert to SVG (Inkscape does this well) or PNG. There's no reason to create new WMF files.