.wmf

What is a .wmf file?

WMF is the legacy Windows vector format, predecessor to EMF, still found in older documents and clipart.

Use caution
Type Image
By Microsoft
MIME image/wmf

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What is it

WMF is the original Windows Metafile format, dating back to Windows 3.0 in 1990. It stores GDI drawing commands — the same concept as EMF, but with a 16-bit coordinate system and fewer capabilities. EMF (Enhanced Metafile) replaced it in the mid-1990s, but WMF files persist in legacy documents, clipart libraries, and older Office files.

The format has a troubled security history. Because WMF files contain drawing commands that Windows executes, several critical vulnerabilities were discovered over the years — the most notorious being the 2005 WMF exploit that allowed arbitrary code execution. Modern Windows versions have patched these issues, but the history explains why security-conscious organisations block WMF files.

You'll encounter WMF primarily in old Word and PowerPoint documents, legacy clipart collections, and converted office documents. LibreOffice and Microsoft Office both handle WMF. For modern use, convert to SVG (Inkscape does this well) or PNG. There's no reason to create new WMF files.

Technical details
Full Name
Windows Metafile
MIME Type
image/wmf
Developer
Microsoft
Magic Bytes
D7 CD C6 9A
Safety
.wmf requires caution. Legacy format with historical security vulnerabilities. Modern Windows patches mitigate risks, but exercise caution with WMF from untrusted sources.
What opens it
Microsoft Office
PAID Windows / Mac
LibreOffice
FREE Windows / Mac / Linux
Inkscape
FREE Windows / Mac / Linux
FAQ
Is WMF safe to open?
On modern, fully patched Windows systems, WMF files are generally safe. However, the format has a history of security vulnerabilities. Avoid opening WMF files from untrusted sources, and prefer converting to SVG or PNG.
What's the difference between WMF and EMF?
EMF is the improved successor to WMF. EMF uses 32-bit coordinates (better precision), supports more drawing operations, and is the current Windows standard. WMF is legacy — use EMF or SVG for new work.
Related formats