.desktop

What is a .desktop file?

A launcher file for Linux applications — the penguin's answer to shortcuts.

Safe format
Type Misc
By freedesktop.org
MIME application/x-desktop

Drop any file to identify it

No upload. No signup. No sending your file halfway across the internet.
We tell you what it is, right here in your browser.

What is it

A .desktop file is a freedesktop.org Desktop Entry — the standard way Linux desktop environments (GNOME, KDE, XFCE) define application launchers, links, and menu entries. Every icon in your Linux application menu corresponds to a .desktop file that tells the system what to display and what to execute.

The format is a simple INI-like text file with standardised keys. A typical entry includes `Name` (display name), `Exec` (command to run), `Icon` (icon path or theme name), `Type` (Application, Link, or Directory), `Categories` (menu categories), and optional keys like `Terminal` (run in terminal), `MimeType` (associated file types), and `Actions` (right-click menu options). Multiple language translations can be embedded using locale suffixes like `Name[fr]=Éditeur de texte`.

Desktop files live in `/usr/share/applications/` (system-wide), `~/.local/share/applications/` (per-user), or on the desktop itself. They're the mechanism behind "Add to favourites," custom app launchers, and autostart entries (~/.config/autostart/). If you've ever wondered how Linux knows what icon to show for an application and what command to run — this is it.

Technical details
Full Name
Linux Desktop Entry
MIME Type
application/x-desktop
Developer
freedesktop.org
Magic Bytes
5B 44 65 73 ([Des)
Safety
.desktop is a known, safe format.
What opens it
Any text editor
FREE Linux
GNOME/KDE file manager
FREE Linux
FAQ
How do I create a .desktop file?
Create a text file with [Desktop Entry], Type=Application, Name=Your App, Exec=/path/to/command, and Icon=icon-name. Save it to ~/.local/share/applications/ and it appears in your app menu.
Why won't my .desktop file launch?
Check that it's marked executable (chmod +x file.desktop), the Exec path is correct, and there are no syntax errors. On GNOME, you may also need to right-click and select 'Allow Launching.'
Related formats